The University of Pisa
A papal edict dated 1343 certifies the existence of a school for the teaching of theology, law and medicine in Pisa. Almost seven centuries later the University of Pisa, one of the most prestigious universities in Italy and in Europe, can boast people of the calibre of Galileo Galilei among its faculty and three Nobel-prize winners among its students: namely, Carducci, Fermi and Rubbia.
The Scuola Normale Superiore
It was founded in 1810 as a branch of the Ecole Normale Supérieure of Paris. The normalisti, as its students are called, are admitted through a competitive selection and have to achieve grades no lower than 24/30 in every exam and an annual average grade no lower than 27/30. The Scuola Normale Superiore has its headquarters in the Palazzo della Carovana, also known as Palazzo dei Cavalieri, from the name of the square in which it is situated.
The Scuola Superiore Sant`Anna
It has its headquarters in an ex convent dating back to the 15th century, which stands among the villas of Pisa next to Piazza dei Martiri della Libertà. Founded in 1987 by merging the Conservatorio di Sant`Anna and Scuola Superiore di Studi Universitari e Perfezionamento, the school applies the same admission rules as the Scuola Normale Superiore.